“8785”返地卫星搭载对卤虫卵发育影响的研究

将我国所产卤虫(Artemia salina)的卵,由1987年8月5日发射的返地卫星搭载,在空间飞行5天。于飞行完成后第8、21、24、34及66天,随机取卵进行人工孵化及发育观察。见到的主要现象有:(1)飞行卵的早期发育进程显著变慢;(2)随着回收后时间的延长,飞行卵的早期发育速度出现回升的趋势;(3)飞行卵早期发育中的冒出率和孵出率一般都比地面对照组的低,且随着回收后时间的延长,有继续下降的趋势;(4)飞行卵孵出的卤虫,自孵出第1天至接近全部自然死亡的23天内,存活率的下降情况与地面对照组的没有差异。本文提出一种空间飞行因素对卤虫卵损伤的“临界程度”的假设。实验还表明,我国所产的卤虫卵对空间飞行因素的作用是敏感的,是一种空间生物学研究的好材料。 

Effects on Development of Artemia Eggs Recovered from Satellite "8785"

Eggs of Chinese native brine shrimp,Arte mia solina,were simply packed in oblate plastic capsules and then carried by satellite "8785".The total dose of ionizing radiations received by the eggs during 5-day spaceflight was about 150 mrads.The flown eggs started to be incubated in artificial sea water and observed,along with ones of earth control,on 8th,21st,24th,34th and 66th days after accomplishment of the flight.Main phenomena found were as follows: (1) A significant delay of emergence and hateching occurred in flown eggs.(2) The extent of this delay appeared to have reduced gradually during prolongation of egg storage at 4℃.(3) Reduction of rates of emergence and hatching was also seen in the flown eggs,and it was going more and more serious during prolongation of the egg storage.(4) The survival curve,within 23 days,of larvae hatched from flown eggs was very similar to that of ones from earth control eggs.A "developmental barrier" and a "critical level" of agg damage were supposed in explaining the phenomena.