AIRS观测资料研究全球平流层重力波特性

利用2012—2014年1月和7月AIRS（Atmospheric Infrared Sounder）第79通道的观测数据，分析了平流层重力波活动强弱的全球分布以及重力波发生频率的全球分布；分析了重力波活动随纬度和经度的变化特征，给出了重力波活动在全球范围内的热点区域及其活动强度；对比了白天与夜间的重力波活动强度及发生频率.研究表明重力波活动强度呈现出随纬度变化的特征，在低纬度地区（0°—30°），冬季半球重力波活动强度低，夏季半球重力波活动高；在中高纬度地区，冬季半球重力波活动强度高而夏季半球重力波活动强度低.在1月，全球重力波活动有4个突出的热点区域，分别为50°N附近欧洲大陆与大西洋交接地带、北美洲与大西洋交接地，20°S附近南美洲与大西洋交接地区、非洲与印度洋交接地区.在7月，重力波活动突出的地方为巴塔哥尼亚至南极半岛地区，以及50°S和75°E附近的印度洋区域.重力波活动强度在夜间大于白天，但是夜间的强重力波活动区域小于白天. 

Research on Global Stratospheric Gravity Wave Characteristics by AIRS Observation Data

The atmospheric infrared sounder mounted on the Aqua satellite has the advantage of directly measuring the temperature disturbance caused by gravity waves, and is therefore widely used in stratospheric atmospheric gravity wave research. The global distribution of stratospheric gravity wave activity intensity and occurrence frequency are analyzed using the 79th channel's observation data of the AIRS in January and July between 2012 and 2014. The variation characteristics of gravity wave activity with latitude and longitude are analyzed, and the hot-spot regions of gravity wave activity in the global range and their occurrence frequency are given. The similarities and differences between daytime and nighttime gravity wave activity intensity and occurrence frequency are compared. Results show that the gravity wave intensity varies significantly with latitude. In the low latitude area (0°—30°), the value of the gravity wave intensity in winter hemisphere is low, but is high in summer hemisphere. In the middle and high latitudes, winter hemisphere has strong gravity waves activity but the summer hemisphere gravity wave is weak. In January, there are four prominent hot-spots in the global range, located at 50° north latitude, the continental and Atlantic intersections, and the North American and Atlantic intersections, and at 20° south latitude, the South American and Atlantic intersections, and Africa intersection with the Indian Ocean. In July, the gravity wave activity was prominent in the Patagonia to Antarctic Peninsula region and the Indian Ocean region near 50° south latitude and 75° east longitude. Gravity wave activity intensity is greater at nighttime than daytime, but strong gravity wave activity zone is smaller at night.