基于SABER的平流层顶温度的时空特征分析

利用SABER探测器2002—2017年超过一个太阳活动周的数据，以大气垂直方向上40～60km的最大温度作为平流层顶温度（T_sp），分析50°S—50°N T_sp的时空分布特征.结果表明:T_sp具有明显的纬度特征和季节特征，在赤道和南北半球夏季温度较高，而在南北半球冬季的40°—50°纬度附近温度有最低值.再利用EOF方法分析T_sp，发现其第一模态的解释率达91%，且时间系数与平流层顶高度相关性最大，为-0.75，与平流层顶臭氧体积混合比相关性约0.49，与日地距离相关性为0.44，与太阳活动性（太阳活动指数，太阳黑子数）的相关性约0.33.依据该相关关系，进一步分析各变量原始场，发现T_sp和平流层顶臭氧体积混合比的纬度变化近似相反；与日地距离的季节变化有明显的负相关，约-0.81，且这种相关性与日地距离有弱的正相关关系；年平均T_sp在2002—2017年的变化约为2K，与F_10.7的相关系数为0.6，在南北纬20°附近与太阳活动指数F_10.7的相关性最大，约0.74. 

Characteristics Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Stratopause Temperature Based on SABER Measurements

A climatology of the stratopause temperature (T_sp) between 50°S—50°N is studied using the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) measurement from 2002 to 2017. The results show that T_sp is higher in the equator and the summer of the northern or southern hemispheres and the lowest temperature is near 40° latitude in the winter of northern or southern hemispheres. The characteristics are interpreted in the ozone volume mixing ratio (O₃-VMR) on stratopause, the Earth-Sun distance, and solar activity using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method. The first mode represents 91% of the total T_sp variability and its coefficient has the highest correlation of -0.75 with stratopause height, while the correlations with the stratopause O₃-VMR, the Earth-Sun distance, and solar activity are 0.49, 0.44, and 0.33, respectively. According to these relations, further researches find that T_sp has the opposite latitudinal variation with stratopause O₃-VMR and the opposite seasonal variation with the Earth-Sun distance. Moreover, the annual averaged T_spvaries in a range of 2K from 2002 to 2017 and has a good correlation with F_10.7. The best correlation coefficient is 0.74 near 20°S and 20°N.