基于X射线脉冲星的航天器自主导航数值分析研究木

基于X射线脉冲星的天文自主导航方法稳定、可靠、精度高.是航天器自主导航领域重要的发展方向.论文介绍了基于X射线脉冲星导航的基本原理,给出了脉冲星自主定位的滤波模型;基于扩展卡尔曼滤波导航算法,以地球同步轨道为例,分析了不同初始误差、轨道倾角、轨道偏心率以及不同脉冲星方位误差下的导航精度.仿真算例表明,在脉冲星方位误差为0.001"、脉冲到达时间测量误差为0.1μs的情况下,导航定位精度优于1 km,且对初始误差不敏感;脉冲星方位精度、脉冲计时精度、轨道面位置和轨道偏心率是影响导航精度的主要因素.

Numerical Analysis of the Autonomous Navigation Principle and Method of Space Vehicle Based on X-Ray Pulsars

The method of autonomous navigation based on X-ray pulsars is steady,credible and with high-accuracy.It is an important approach in the spacecraft navigation field.In this paper, firstly,the algorithms of autonomous navigation based on X-Ray pulsars are introduced;secondly the model of the extended Kalman filter which is used in the autonomous navigation based on X-Ray pulsars is established;thirdly,taking the geosynchronous orbit for example,the accuracy of naviga- tion with different initial error,different incline of orbit,different eccentricity of orbit and different orientation error of the pulsars are simulated.With 0.001 second accuracy of pulsar orientation and 0.1 accuracy of the time of pulse arrival,from the results,it can be seen that the position accuracy of the geosynchronous orbit can reach 1 km,and the accuracy of navigation is immune with initial error. It is also shown that the orientation of pulsars,the accuracy of the time of pulse arrival,the position of the orbit plane and the eccentricity of orbit are the main factors which influent the accuracy of navigation.