北极黄河站极光亚暴期间低热层大气中性风研究

极光亚暴是地球空间基本的能量输入、耦合及耗散过程,其对低热层大气中性风的影响不容忽视,对这一问题进行深入研究具有重要意义.2010年11月,中国北极黄河站(78.92°N,11.93°E)安装了一台自主研制的全天空法布里-珀罗干涉仪(FPI)并开始进行正常观测,为中国首次获得了极光亚暴期间的FPI观测数据.根据2012年越冬期间的观测情况,对2012年11月12-14日及12月09-11日两个极光亚暴事件期间的数据进行处理,计算得到了5级干涉环对应的风场.亚暴期间风场变化与地磁活动变化的对比分析表明,风速的剧烈变化可能是由地磁活动剧烈扰动造成的.针对2012年11月13日00:00UT-02:00UT和2012年12月10日05:00UT-07:30UT的亚暴事件,将全天空相机拍摄到的极光图像与FPI干涉图像对应的视线风场进行对比分析.结果表明在极光活动中,视线风速加强的方向与极光弧的方向垂直,而在极光弧的平行方向,风速相对较小. 

Study of the Lower Thermospheric Neutral Wind at Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station During Auroral Substorms

Auroral substorm is a basic energy input, coupling and dissipation process. Complex auroral substorm effects are not to be neglected for the thermospheric neutral wind effects, and has important significance on its in-depth study. A self-developed all-sky Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) has been deployed by Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station (78.92°N, 11.93°E) at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard in November 2010, and formal observation has been carried out, which obtained FPI measured data for the first time in domestic. This paper briefly introduces the observations during winter in 2012. Two auroral substorm events on November 12-14, 2012 and December 9-11, 2012 were selected for data processing, and wind fields corresponded to 5 interference rings were calculated. The comparison and analysis between wind field and geomagnetic activity variations during the periods of auroral substorms indicated that the dramatic change of wind speed may be caused by a violent disturbance of geomagnetic activity. Contrastive analyses between auroral images by an all sky camera and FPI interference fringes corresponding line of sight wind field during November 13, 2012, 00:00UT-02:00UT and December 10, 2012, 05:00UT-07:30UT suggest that the enhanced direction is perpendicular to the aurora arc, and it weakens in the direction paralleled with the arc.