中国月球与深空探测有效载荷技术的成就与展望

有效载荷是实现科学目标最直接的工具,其技术手段和水平影响科学目标的可实现程度。简要回顾了中国月球与深空探测的科学目标与有效载荷配置。介绍了"嫦娥1号"和"嫦娥2号"月球环绕探测器中采用的CCD立体相机、干涉式成像光谱仪、激光高度计、微波探测仪、伽马射线谱仪、X射线谱仪、太阳风粒子探测仪、高能粒子探测仪等遥感探测类有效载荷的技术实现、探测结果和取得的成就。同时,也介绍了"嫦娥3号"月球着陆器和巡视器中采用的地形地貌相机、月基光学望远镜、极紫外相机、红外成像光谱仪、粒子激发X射线谱仪、测月雷达等就位和巡视探测类有效载荷的技术实现、探测结果和取得的成就。分析了有效载荷技术的发展趋势,展望了我国未来有效载荷技术的发展。

Achievements and Prospect of Payloads Technology in Chinese Lunar and Deep Space Exploration

Payloads are the direct tools for achieving science objectives, and their technical approach and level impacts the implementation degree of science objectives. Science objectives and payloads configuration for Chinese lunar and deep space exploration are reviewed. Technical realization, operation results and achievements of some remote sensing payloads of the Chang''e-1 and Chang''e-2 lunar orbiting probes are introduced, including the stereo camera and interferometer spectrometer imager, laser altimeter, microwave radiometer, gamma and X-ray spectrometer, Solar high energy particle detector and Solar wind ions detector. The technical realization, operation results and achievements of some in-situ and rover exploration payloads of the Chang''e-3 lunar lander and rover are introduced, including the terrain camera, lunar based telescope, extreme ultraviolet camera, imager and infrared spectrometer, alpha particle X-ray spectrometer and lunar penetrating radar. The development trends of the payloads technology is analyzed, and the development of Chinese payloads technology is prospected.