火星土壤物理力学特性分析

火星土壤既是火星表面探测活动的主要探测对象,也是表面探测器设计中需考虑的重要因素之一。火壤的物理力学特性将直接影响着陆器着陆缓冲系统、火星车移动系统等的设计。此外,在着陆器和火星车等表面探测器的地面研制过程中,需要研制模拟火壤,形成模拟的火星表面环境,开展相关的着陆器着陆缓冲性能、火星车移动性能等验证试验。迄今为止,人类已经有多个探测器登陆火星,获取了大量的有关火壤的信息,也研制了多种模拟火壤。通过对已有火壤和模拟火壤的物理力学特性分析,梳理出火壤物理力学特性的参数范围,可为我国火星探测器的研制提供参考。

Analysis on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Martian Soil

Martian soil is one of the major factors in the Mars surface exploration which have to be considered during the development of Martian probes. The physical and mechanical properties of Martian soil influence directly the design of landing-pad of Martian lander and the wheels of Martian rover. During the field tests of Martian probes, the proving ground for Martian surface environments must be simulated. The exploration results about the Martian soil and its simulant are analyzed in this paper. The ranges of parameters for physical and mechanical properties of Martian soil are summarized. The results can be used for the development of China''s Martian probes.