临近空间串联气球系统设计与特性分析

目前,零压气球和超压气球固有的不足限制了高空气球的飞行能力。提出了 1种无需消耗压舱物和浮升气体即可实现昼夜高度自稳定且能够长时间迂回飞行的临近空间串联气球系统。结合了 2种气球的优点,避开了现阶段高空气球发展遇到的困难。建立了昼夜飞行高度一定的串联气球系统的数学模型,设计了能够利用准零风层风场条件实现迂回飞行的串联气球系统,通过与单一零压气球系统对比,验证了该系统的优势。数值仿真分析了零压气球形状、系统设计高度对超压气球尺寸、最大超压量等关键参数的影响,为设计飞行性能更好的系统提供了重要参考依据。

Design and Characteristic Analysis of Tandem Balloon System in Near Space

At present, the inherent inadequacies of zero-pressure balloons and super-pressure balloons limit the flying abilityof high-altitude balloons. A tandem balloon system in near space is proposed, which could achieve altitude self-stabilization at day and night and long-term circuitous flight without consuming ballast and floating gas. This system combines the advan.tages of the two kinds of balloons, avoiding the difficulties encountered in the development of high-altitude balloons at the present stage. A mathematical model for the tandem balloon system that flies at a certain altitude day and night is estab.lished, a tandem balloon system that realizes circuitous flight with quasi-zero wind layer conditions is designed. By compar. ing with the single zero-pressure balloon system, the advantages of this system are verified. The influences of zero-pressureballoon shape and system design altitude on key parameters such as volume of super-pressure balloon and maximum over.pressure are analyzed by numerical simulation, which provide important references for designing a better system.