小卫星星座的最优脉冲变轨研究

针对小卫星星座，进行星座发射中的最优脉冲式变轨研究，给出了形成星座的脉冲式变轨的基本原理；基于卫星相对运动状态转移方程，推导出了星座参脉冲式变轨的理论解，即所要施加的脉冲控制量的解析式，利用遗传算法，对双脉冲式变轨的脉冲控制量进行了优化计算，求得了使总变轨脉冲最小的最优变轨时间，最后，探讨了星座脉冲式变轨的工程实现现途径，为工程应用和研究提供参考。

Optimal impulse orbit-transfer for making small satellite constellation

In this paper, thinking of small satellite constellation, optimal impulse orbit transfer is studied for constellation launching. The paper gives the principle of impulse transfer for making constellation. Based on relative motion equation of satellite state transferring, analytic solution of two impulse orbit transfer of constellation is derived, which is analytic equation of impulse control variable. By means of genetic algorithm, control variables of two impulse orbit transfer are optimized, and optimal time of orbit transfer to minimize total impulse is got. At last, engineering method of impulse orbit transfer of constellation is discussed, and further references for project application and study are given.