前/后掠机翼气动特性对比分析

基于NACA0012对称翼型设计了前掠机翼、后掠机翼和平直机翼,采用CFD方法计算了3种机翼的升力系数、阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数,通过压力云图和流线图分析了3种机翼的气动特性及流动机理。研究结果表明:前掠机翼上表面的流动是由翼尖流向翼根,翼根首先出现分离,而后掠机翼上表面的流动是由翼根流向翼尖,翼尖首先出现分离,平直机翼由于受翼尖涡的下洗影响,翼根首先出现分离;在30°斜掠角下,前掠机翼形成了机翼前缘涡,表现出旋涡流态气动特性。研究结果揭示了不同机翼之间的流动差异,有助于在飞行器设计过程中选择合适的气动布局。

Comparative analysis of aerodynamic characteristics of forward/backward-swept wing

In this paper,forward-swept wing,backward-swept wing and straight wing are designed based on NACA0012 symmetrical airfoil.The lift coefficient,drag coefficient and pitch moment coefficient of three kinds of wings are calculated by CFD method.The aerodynamic characteristics and flow mechanism of three kinds of wings are analyzed by the pressure contours and the velocity streamlines.The results show that the flow on the upper surface of the forward-swept wing flows from the tip to the wing root,and the separation at wing root occurs first.The flow on the upper surface of the backward-swept wing flows from the wing root to the wing tip,and the separation at the wing tip occurs first.The root of the flat wing first occurs due to the downwash of the tip vortices.The leading edge vortices of the forward-swept wing are formed at a 30°swept angle,which shows the aerodynamic characteristics of the vortex flow.The research reveals the flow differences between different wings,which is helpful to select the appropriate aerodynamic layout in the process of aircraft design.