船用柴油机涡轮增压技术发展现状

涡轮增压是提升船用柴油机燃油经济性、排放性及动力性的核心关键技术。船舶动力排放与燃油经济性法规日趋严格、智能化发展趋势日趋明显，推动船用柴油机涡轮增压技术向高增压、高效率、柔性化和电动化等方向快速发展。本文分别从涡轮增压系统与涡轮增压器部件角度，对国内外主要船用柴油机增压技术的基本原理、主要特性、应用机型等内容进行了详细阐述，重点分析两级涡轮增压、相继增压、可变涡轮增压和机电负荷涡轮增压等增压系统技术，以及高效宽域涡轮增压部件技术，展望了船用柴油机增压技术发展趋势。

Development Status of Marine Diesel Engine Turbocharging Technology

Turbocharging is the key technology to improve fuel economy, emission and power of marine diesel engines. Emission and fuel economy regulations of marine power system are becoming stricter and the trend of intelligent development is becoming more and more obvious, which promotes the rapid development of marine diesel engine turbocharging technology in the direction of high turbocharging, high efficiency, flexibility and electrification. From the perspective of turbocharging system and turbocharger components, this paper elaborated on basic principles, main characteristics and application models of domestic and foreign marine diesel engine turbocharging technology, The analysis of two-stage turbocharging, sequential turbocharging, variable geometry turbocharging and electric turbocharging technology are focused on as well as high-efficiency and wide-range turbocharging component technology. At last, the development trend of marine diesel turbocharging technology is prospected.