燃油离心泵多目标优化设计及仿真分析

针对燃油离心泵高效、高抗汽蚀优化设计问题,进行了基于损失模型和SQP算法下的多目标优化设计并进行了仿真应用。首先,考虑叶轮、蜗壳等通流部件内的水利损失、容积损失以及机械损失,建立表征离心泵效率的综合损失模型；结合基于必须汽蚀余量计算下的汽蚀表征函数以确定离心泵多目标函数。进而,利用SQP算法构造合理的适应度函数,结合约束条件确定离心泵多目标优化设计的数学模型。其次,对某型燃油离心泵进行基于SQP算法的优化设计并与其他常用优化算法进行对比。可以看到：各优化算法的最优结果几乎相似,但SQP算法对多维非线性方程组优化求解所用的迭代步数相对较少。最后,利用CFD技术进行仿真及外特性预测,以验证基于SQP算法下燃油离心泵多目标优化设计的有效性。结果表明：相比传统方法设计的原型离心泵,基于SQP算法优化的离心泵内流场压力分布相对均匀,流动损失更低,且进口流动有利于抗汽蚀性能；从外特性结果来看,基于SQP算法优化的离心泵高效工作区域相对宽广,必须汽蚀余量相对较低,抗汽蚀性能有所改善。

Multi-Objective Optimization Design and Simulation for Fuel Centrifugal Pump

Aiming at the optimization design for an aero-fuel centrifugal pump with high efficiency and high resistance to cavitation, a multi-objective optimization design based on loss-model is carried out and simulated. First, with consideration of the hydraulic loss, volume loss, and mechanical loss in the impeller and volute, a comprehensive loss model is established which characterizes the pump efficiency. Combined with the cavitation characterization function, the multi-objective function for the centrifugal pump is completed. Furthermore, a reasonable fitness function is constructed using the SQP algorithm and a mathematical model for multi-objective optimization design of a centrifugal pump is completed by combining constraints. Secondly, the optimization design for a aero-fuel centrifugal pump based on the proposed SQP algorithm is conducted and compared with the GA algorithm. It illustrates that the optimal results are almost similar by using the two methods. However, compared with the GA algorithm, the SQP algorithm uses fewer iterative steps. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of proposed SQP algorithm, CFD is used to predict external performance. Compared with the prototype centrifugal pump designed by traditional methods, the pressure distribution in the centrifugal pump optimized by the SQP algorithm is relatively uniform, the flow loss is lower, and the inlet flow is beneficial to the anti-cavitation performance. Additionally, the efficient working area of ??the centrifugal pump optimized based on the SQP algorithm is relatively wide and the NPSHr is relatively low. So, the efficiency and anti-cavitation performance are improved.