纳米NiO/CNTs复合粒子的制备及其对AP和AP/HTPB热分解的影响

以碳纳米管(CNTs)为载体,采用化学沉淀法制备了不同摩尔比的NiO/CNTs复合粒子,采用透射电子显微镜、X-ray衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱、比表面积分析仪等表征手段对产物的结构进行了表征,并用差示扫描量热仪研究了NiO/CNTs复合粒子对AP及AP/HTPB推进剂热分解的催化作用。结果表明:NiO/CNTs复合粒子结晶好、包覆均匀、比表面积大。NiO/CNTs(nNiO:nCNTs=1:4)复合粒子可使AP和AP/HTPB推进剂的高温分解峰温分别降低了92.24℃和42.2℃,使总表观分解热分别增加了1 086 J/g和730 J/g,表现出显著的催化性能,其催化性能明显优于纯纳米NiO和纯CNTs。碳纳米管的独特结构和载体支撑作用是NiO/CNTs复合粒子的催化性能强于纳米NiO的主要原因。

Preparation of NiO/CNTs composites and their effects on the thermal decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB

NiO/CNTs composite particles were prepared by direct chemical deposition method with carbon nanotube used as the carrier,and its structure was characterized by XRD,SEM,EDS and BET.The catalytic effects of NiO/CNTs composite particles on the thermal decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB propellant were investigated by DSC.The results show that NiO/CNTs composite particles with good crystal form,uniform coating and huge surface area could be obtained by the experiments.NiO/CNTs composite particles(n NiO∶nCNTs = 1∶4) could decrease the high temperature decomposition peaks of AP and AP/HTPB propellant by 92.24 ℃ and 42.2 ℃,respectively,and increase the total apparent heat of decomposition by 1 086 J/g and 730 J/g,respectively,showing evident catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of AP and AP/HTPB propellant.The catalytic activity of NiO/CNTs composite particle is obviously better than that of pure nano NiO and CNTs.Due to the unique tubular structure and support function of carbon nanotube,NiO/CNTs composite particles show better catalytic activities than pure NiO.