并联混合动力齿轮传动涡扇发动机建模与性能分析

为对比探究未来大推力航空混合动力系统与传统航空发动机的优劣，本文依托某概念型齿轮传动涡扇(Geared turbofan，GTF)发动机，设计了一个并联航空油-电混合动力系统(hybrid GTF，hGTF)，在Matlab /Simulink数字仿真软件中建立相匹配的电动力模型以及氮氧化物NOx排放和噪声预测等性能参数计算模型，并在稳态和飞行任务剖面下初步分析了电动力系统的引入对原基线GTF发动机的性能改变状况。稳态仿真结果表明，大推力等级的并联油-电混合动力系统中，至少需要兆瓦级的电动力系统进行匹配；当电动力系统处于电动模式时，可能会带来低压压气机喘振的隐患；当电动力系统处于再生模式时，电能源相当于经过了电能到机械能再到电能的二次效率损失，不建议采用。飞行任务剖面动态仿真结果表明，相比于传统GTF发动机，hGTF推进系统的燃油消耗率最高下降15%，总燃油消耗节省8.3%， NOx总排放量减少18.8%，各部件起飞噪声总声压级减少1.5~3.3dB。分析结果表明采用并联混合动力系统具有显著提升省油、减排效果的能力，同时也具有一定的降噪潜力。

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Parallel Hybrid Geared Turbofan Engine

In order to compare and explore the pros and cons of the future high-thrust hybrid aero-engine and the traditional aero-engine, an oil-electric parallel hybrid geared turbofan (hGTF) engine is designed based on a conceptual geared turbofan (GTF) engine. A matching electric propulsion model as well as calculation models of performance parameters such as NOx emissions and noise prediction are established in Matlab/Simulink. Performance changes of the original baseline GTF engine due to the introduction of the electrodynamic system are preliminary analyzed under the steady state and flight mission profile. The steady-state simulation results show that a parallel oil-electric hybrid power system with a large thrust level requires at least a MW-level electric power system for matching. When the electric power system is in the electric mode, it may bring the hidden danger of low-pressure compressor surge; when the electric power system is in the regeneration mode, electric energy suffers a secondary efficiency loss from electrical energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy, so this mode is not recommended. The dynamic simulation results of the flight mission profile show that compared with the traditional GTF engine, the fuel consumption rate of the hGTF propulsion system is reduced by up to 15%, the total fuel consumption is reduced by 8.3%, the total NOx emissions are reduced by 18.8%, and the takeoff noises of hGTF components are reduced by 1.5~3.3dB. The analysis results show that the use of parallel hybrid power systems has the ability to significantly improve fuel saving and emission reduction effects, and also has a certain noise reduction potential.