风—车—桥系统车辆风荷载突变效应风洞试验研究

侧向风作用下,车辆通过桥塔或双车交会时车辆所受风荷载会发生突变,这将影响行车的安全性和舒适性。基于自主研制的移动车辆模型风洞试验系统,针对轨道交通车辆和公路交通车辆,分别采用三车模型和单车模型测试了车辆通过桥塔和双车交会时车辆风荷载的突变过程,讨论了风速、车速、车辆所处轨道位置及车辆类型等因素对车辆气动力系数的影响。研究表明车辆运行于桥塔区域及双车交会时,车辆三分力系数均有不同程度的突变趋势;车辆运动引起的列车风使车辆阻力系数的突变程度减弱,使桥塔遮风效应的影响区域变长;公路交通车辆风荷载突变效应较轨道交通车辆的要明显;双车交会时,背风侧车辆风荷载急剧减小,迎风侧车辆三分力系数变化较平稳。

Effect of sudden change of vehicle wind loads in wind-vehicle-bridge system by wind tunnel test

Under cross wind action,the wind loads acting on vehicle can be changed dramatically when vehicle is passing through the wake of bridge tower or two vehicles are passing each other,which will influence the running safety and comfort ability of vehicles.Based on the self-developed of wind tunnel test rig with moving vehicle model,three-vehicle model and single-vehicle model are used to simulate respectively the rail vehicle and highway vehicle,the sudden change of vehicle aerodynamic forces are measured when...