民用飞机方向舵抗鸟撞分析研究

民用飞机方向舵结构通常位于垂尾后部,通过连接铰链与垂直安定面后缘相连,并通过作动器驱动其偏转,从而为飞机提供偏航力矩。对民用飞机方向舵鸟撞相关适航条款要求进行了分析,明确了方向舵抗鸟撞需要满足的具体要求。在完成上述工作后,对某型民机方向舵的抗鸟撞性能进行了全面的评估。首先通过工程算法,初步评估了该方向舵不同偏角下的鸟体撞击力,并以此为依据筛选出了鸟撞的严酷工况,避免了大量计算方向舵不同偏角的鸟撞情况,从而大大降低了仿真分析的工作量。通过SPH方法,使用PAM-Crash软件对方向舵结构进行了抗鸟撞分析,得到了方向舵翼面本体结构的损伤情况、连接铰链的受载情况和方向舵作动器的受载情况,并以此为依据,完成了对方向舵抗鸟撞性能的完整评估。

Bird strike resistance analysis and research on civil aircraft rudder

The rudder structure of civil aircraft is usually located at the rear of the vertical tail,which is connected with the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizer through the connecting hinges,and is driven to deflect by the actuators to provide the yaw moment.The airworthiness requirements of civil aircraft rudder bird strike were analyzed,and the specific requirements of rudder bird strike resistance were defined.After the completion of the above work,the bird impact performance of a certain type of civil aircraft rudder was comprehensively evaluated.Through the engineering algorithm,the bird impact force under different rudder angles of a civil aircraft was preliminarily evaluated firstly,and the severe conditions of bird strike were screened out based on the results,which avoided the calculation of bird strike under different rudder deflection angles,thus greatly reducing the workload of simulation analysis.Through SPH method,the bird strike analysis of rudder structure was carried out by PAM-Crash software,and the damage condition of rudder wing surface structure,load condition of connecting hinges and rudder actuators were obtained.Based on this,a complete evaluation of rudder’s bird strike resistance was completed.