重力辅助环路热管稳态运行特性的实验研究

 随着环路热管应用领域不断扩展，其可能在各种姿态下运行，包括重力辅助姿态。对环路热管在重力辅助姿态下的稳态运行规律和特性进行了实验研究，并同平放及反重力条件下的运行特性进行了比较。通过实验可得出，在重力辅助姿态下，环路热管存在两种驱动模式，即重力单独驱动模式和毛细力与重力共同驱动模式。当热载荷较小时，环路热管工作在重力单独驱动模式，蒸汽管线内为气液两相工质，回流液体对储液器的冷却作用加强，运行温度明显低于平放及反重力条件下之值，热导显著增大；当热载荷大于某一临界值，环路热管工作在毛细力与重力共同驱动模式，蒸汽管线内为单相蒸汽，运行温度同平放及反重力条件下之值基本一致。最后，从环路热管系统压力平衡和储液器能量平衡的角度对上述实验现象进行了解释和分析。

Experimental Study on Steady-state Operating Characteristics of Gravity-assisted Loop Heat Pipes

With the extension of application field, the loop heat pipes (LHPs) may operate under various attitudes, including gravity-assisted attitude. The steady-state operating characteristics of LHPs under gravity-assisted attitude are experimentally studied and compared with those under horizontal and adverse elevation attitudes. The experimental results show that there exist two driving modes when LHPs operate under gravity-assisted attitude: gravity-driven mode and capillary force and gravity co-driven mode. Wh...