尾流间隔缩减技术综述

当今世界各主要机场的航班延误已经成为影响航空运输发展的瓶颈,在通过空中交通流量管理提高效率的同时,也有许多科研工作者对尾流间隔的缩减进行了大量的研究。一类技术是通过改进进近程序缩减近距平行跑道的尾流间隔;另一类技术是建立尾流的预测模型,对尾涡的消散和输运进行预测,从而产生动态的尾流间隔咨询,获得更多的着陆或起飞时隙。采用上述技术的尾流间隔缩减系统可以减少延误,增大终端区容量。根据运行原理的不同将上述技术概括为:基于偏置进近程序的尾流间隔缩减技术和基于动态预测的尾流间隔缩减技术。对采用上述两类技术的系统作了详细分析,并比较和论述了优劣。

Overview of Wake Vortex Separation Reduction Systems

Flight delay is nowadays one of the most critical curbing factors in aviation industry. While the efficiency of air transportation is improved by air traffic flow management, massive research work on wake vortex separation reduction is also performed by researchers all around the world. One of the technologies developed to date is to modify flight procedure aiming at the reduction of the wake vortex separation of closely spaced parallel runways; and another is to build wake turbulence prediction models in order to anticipate the dissipation and transportation of wake vortex. Thus a wake turbulence separation consultative matrix is calculated to acquire more landing and take-off slots. The wake vortex separation reduction systems can alleviate flight delay and increase terminal capacity. They are assorted into two categories according to different principles adopted in design, i. e. , wake vortex separation system based on offset approach procedure and wake vortex separation system based on dynamic prediction. The theory, algorithm and components of each system are thoroughly analyzed. The performance of the systems is compared and the advantages and drawbacks of each system are discussed.