应力和位移约束下连续体结构的拓扑优化

 结构拓扑优化设计是结构初始方案设计的重要方法。同时考虑应力和位移约束,采用遗传算法,用染色体基因映射结构离散化后的单元体,对连续体结构进行拓扑优化。为了消除结构中的铰接和棋盘格现象,在拓扑优化分析中引入了结构约束的概念,并在罚函数方法中引入导向因子,改善优化分析结果。该方法可以为工程结构的初始设计提供多种方案,同时为新结构的设计提供了理论基础。算例分析表明所提出的方法是合理、有效的。

Genetic Algorithm for Topology Optimization of Continuum Structure with Stress and Displacement Constraints

Topology optimization with stress and displacement constraints is considered as the most difficult problem in structure topology optimization. It is very important in initial design of structure. In continuum structure topology optimization, genetic algorithm (GA) is served as optimization method, binary chromosome of GA is used to represent a topology structure, and finite element method is used to obtain the displacement, stress and strain of each node, which are included in constraint conditions. In order to improve the efficiency and make the optimization results better, the concept of structural constraint is put forward, and a guiding factor is introduced in punished function. The method can provide multi-scheme for a same structure design problem, which makes it possible for new structure design. An example is optimized to show the rationality and efficiency of the method.