航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接技术综述

凭借在强度、韧性及寿命上的优势，复合材料尤其是碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（CFRP）逐渐作为主承力结构应用于飞机产品，但由于极易产生连接损伤，其机械连接正面临"干涉破坏强度，非干涉降低性能"的矛盾。而其关键在于对干涉量的精密控制，即实现复合材料结构的精密干涉连接。针对此问题，本文分析了航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接的特点、难点与应用现状，并提出了航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接技术体系框架，重点归纳总结了航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接的三大核心问题：复合材料干涉连接孔周应力分析方法、干涉连接结构损伤萌生与扩展机理、干涉连接结构力学性能退化机制的学术发展脉络及现有问题，在此基础上，指出了未来航空复合材料结构精密干涉连接技术在模型、紧固件、工艺、材料等层面的发展趋势。

State of the art of precise interference-fit technology for composite structures in aircraft

Due to advantages in strength, toughness and lifespan, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) has a wide range of applications in load-bearing structures in aircraft and other aerospace and transportation products. However, precise interference-fit technology for the CFRP used in the new generation aircraft brings the conflict between strength and performance, which contains a myriad of challenges for the theoretical understanding and modeling of the technology. This paper analyzes the state of the art of the precise interference-fit technology for aircraft composite structures, as well as the characteristics, difficulties and application status of the technology. The technical system framework of the technology is proposed. Key problems of the technology, including the stress analysis method of the composite material interference hole, the damage initiation and expansion mechanism of the structure, as well as the degradation mechanism of mechanical properties are summarized. Development trends of the technology in terms of damage modeling, fastener design, process planning, and material application are also discussed.