飞机全动式鸭翼载荷飞行测量技术

根据现代鸭式飞机结构特点及载荷飞行实测要求,提出了在鸭翼大轴外缘选择一个剖面进行测载应变计改装的方法,并采用不同侧应变计以特定方式组成惠斯通电桥,以达到某种应变电桥只对与其对应的载荷敏感,而对其他载荷响应较小的目的,从应变响应上对鸭翼的弯矩、扭矩和剪力载荷进行机械解耦。在载荷校准试验中,左右鸭翼同时对称向上施加校准载荷,利用飞机重量和后机身托架即可平衡加载载荷引起的飞机移动和转动,不需要对飞机进行复杂的约束和固定。通过对校准试验数据的分析,采用多元线性回归方法,建立了鸭翼载荷模型,并对载荷模型进行了验证。选取典型试飞状态,对各种机动情况下鸭翼实测飞行载荷进行了分析研究,给出了鸭翼主要的严重受载状态。

Aircraft all movable canard load flight measurement technology

According to the structural characteristics and load measurement requirements of modern canard aircraft, a method using strain gauge modification at the outer edge of canard shaft profile is presented in this paper. In order to achieve the purpose that a strain bridge is sensitive for the corresponding load and has smaller response to other loads, strain gauges at different sides are used in a particular manner to compose certain Wheatstone bridge. So that moment, torque and shear loads from strain response are mechanically decoupled. Factors of canard moment, torque and shear load are mechanically decoupled from the strain response. In the load calibration tests, upward calibration loads are imposed on both left and right canards symmetrically at the same time, and the weight of the aircraft and rear fuselage bracket are used to balance the movements and rotation caused by loads. Therefore, there is no necessity to constrain and fasten the aircraft in a complex way. Through the analysis of the calibration test data, the model of canard loads is established and verified with multiple linear regression method. Meanwhile, typical flight status is selected to analyze the actual flight loads of canard in all the cases and severe flight load state is obtained.