芳纶短纤和浆粕增强聚氨酯泡沫的结构和性能研究

采用芳纶短纤(AF)和芳纶浆粕(AP)对聚氨酯泡沫进行增强,制备了两种增强聚氨酯泡沫,考察了其的泡孔结构、压缩强度以及热稳定性能。结果表明:随着芳纶纤维和浆粕填充量增加,聚氨酯泡沫的密度和压缩强度呈先增加后减小的变化趋势;当AF和AP的填充量为6wt%时,聚氨酯泡沫底部的压缩强度最大,分别为0.394和0.353 MPa,此时发泡过程中黏弹性增加,表面张力减小导致泡孔孔径明显变小且均匀性提高,纤维分布在泡棱上通过与树脂形成良好的结合起到增强效果;AF和AP的加入有助于提高聚氨酯泡沫的热稳定性,AF增强聚氨酯泡沫具有更好的热稳定性。

Microstructureand Properties of Aramid-Fiber and Aramid-Pulp Reinforced Rigid Polyurethane Foams

The aramid fiber(AF)and aramid pulp(AP) were incorporated into the rigid polyurethane foam(RPUF) and the influence of AF and AP dosage on the cell structure, compressive strength, thermal properties of the RPUF was investigated. The results show that compressive strength of the foams increased and then decreased with the contents of AF and AP. The compressive strength at the bottom of the foam reached the maximum value of 0.394 and 0.353MPa respectively when the adding contents of AF and AP was 6wt%,whose microstructure revealed finer and more homogeneous cell size distribution.The AF and AP dispersed and situated within the cellular skeleton of the foams,and it contributed to the property enhancement through forming a good adhesion with the resin. The addition of AF and AP was helpful for improving the thermal stability of the foam.AF reinforced foams showed superior thermal stability compared with AP.