熔融沉积制造材料的空间应用实验

为了解决熔融沉积制造(FDM)技术的空间应用问题,开展了不同材料的地面成形工艺实验研究。选取了聚乳酸(PLA)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)三种纯树脂材料以及碳纤维增强的PLA材料为研究对象,利用自主研发的空间微重力原理样机成功打印了标准试样,并进行了力学性能、阻燃特性、燃烧后毒气浓度、质量损失、可凝挥发等数据的测试,对比分析了PLA、PC、PEEK材料FDM成形件和传统注塑件的性能差别及不同纤维方向的碳纤维PLA复合材料试样的拉伸性能。结果表明:材料间结合能力是影响FDM成形制件性能的主要因素,异种材料间结合强度是影响复合材料样件性能的主要因素,结合能力越强的材料其FDM成形的质量越高,结晶材料的成形质量同时还受结晶度的影响,结晶度越高,制件性能越好。

Research on the Space Application of Fused Deposition Modeling

In order to solve the problem of fused deposition modeling application in space, the forming process test of different materials was carried out on earth.PLA,PC,PEEK and carbon fiber reinforced PLA materials were selected as the research objects in the experiment.The standard samples were successfully printed with the self-developed space microgravity principle prototype, and the mechanical properties, fire resistance, gas concentration after combustion, total mass loss and condensable volatile properties of the samples were tested. The tensile properties of carbon fiber reinforced PLA samples with different fiber directions and the performance difference between FDM and injection samples were studied. The result shows that the material bonding ability is the main factor affecting the performance of FDM parts, and the bonding strength between different materials is the main factor affecting the properties of the composite samples. The higher bonding ability is, the higher the FDM forming quality of the material is. Meanwhile the forming quality of the crystalline material is also affected by the crystallinity. The higher crystallinity is, the better workpiece performances are.