纤维结构对EPDM 复合材料性能的影响

对比了聚酰亚胺纤维、芳砜纶、芳纶纤维的热稳定性,并分别以这三种纤维为增强体,制备了短纤
维填充的三元乙丙(EPDM)热防护复合材料,对该材料的耐烧蚀性能、碳化层结构、力学性能以及纤维在橡胶
中的分散性进行了研究,结果表明聚酰亚胺纤维具有比芳砜纶、芳纶纤维更高的热稳定性和残碳率,由其填充
的EPDM 复合材料耐烧蚀性能最好,烧蚀深度为0. 8 mm。纤维在橡胶中的分散性与纤维结构有关,进而影响
复合材料的力学性能以及碳化层结构特性。

Effects of Fibers on The Properties of EPDM Composites

Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer ( EPDM) composites filled with polyimide fibers, polysulfonamide
fibers, and Kevlar fibers were prepared by moulding method, respectively. The thermal stability of fibers, the
ablative resistance, structures of char layers, and mechanical properties of EPDM composites, and the dispersion of
fibers within EPDM were investigated. Results indicated that polyimide fibers show a better thermal stability and higher
amount of residues than Kevlar and polysulfonamide fibers. Polyimide fibers greatly improved the ablative resistance
of EPDM composites with ablative thickness of 0. 8 mm. The mechanical properties of insulations were related with the
dispersion of fibers within rubber phase influenced by the structures of fibers.