转子支承不对中故障建模与机理分析

针对工程实际所出现的不对中现象，建立了一个转子支承不对中故障的通用模型。将任意形式的联轴器在径向刚度和 角向刚度等效的前提下简化为1个等效模型，该模型与实际的总体径向刚度和角向刚度等效，依据实际联轴器刚度计算得到等效 模型参数；根据等效联轴器模型推导出转子系统由于连接对角向位置的不均匀、连接刚度的差异性和非线性等不确定性因素所产 生的不对中激励力，基于此建立含转子支承不对中故障的转子-支承耦合动力学模型。通过故障仿真分析得到转子支承不对中故 障激励下的振动特征，通过数值仿真验证了平行不对中和角度不对中故障的2倍频和4倍频现象，以及由于角度不对中产生的1 倍频轴向振动现象。利用含套齿联轴器的3支点转子故障模拟试验器进行了特征转速下多种不对中工况的振动响应试验，通过 比较仿真结果的精度达到85%以上，表明所提出的转子支承不对中故障通用模型的正确有效性。

Modeling and Mechanism Analysis of Rotor-bearing Misalignment Fault

Aimming to the misalignment phenomenon that occurs in engineering practice, a general model of rotor misalignment fault was established. Any form of coupling can be simplified into an equivalent model with equivalent radial stiffness and angular stiffness. The model is equivalent to the actual coupling in terms of overall radial stiffness and angular stiffness. The equivalent model parameters were calculated according to the actual coupling stiffness. Based on the equivalent coupling model, the misalignment excitation forces of the rotor system were derived due to the uncertainty factors such as angular nonuniformity of connectors, differences in connection stiffness, and nonlinearity. Based on this, the rotor-bearing coupling dynamic model with the rotor-bearing misalignment fault was established. The vibration characteristics under the fault excitation of the rotor bearing misalignment were obtained by the fault simulation analysis, and the 2X frequency and 4X frequency phenomena due to parallel and angular misalignment, as well as the 1X frequency axial vibration phenomenon caused by angular misalignment, were verified by the numerical simulation. The vibration response tests under various misalignment conditions at characteristic speeds were carried out by using a 3-bearing rotor fault simulation tester with a spline coupling, compared with the test results the accuracy of the simulation results is more than 85%, which indicates that the proposed general model of rotor-bearing misalignment fault is correct and effective.