航空发动机自动平衡技术发展综述

针对航空发动机在运行过程中不平衡振动过大的问题，采用自动平衡技术进行在线质量补偿，可有效降低其振动水平。目前自动平衡技术主要运用于航空发动机结构、控制算法、工程应用3个方面。基于影响系数法的电磁驱动型自动平衡在美国空军C-130H运输机上得到工程应用，飞行测试4个发动机螺旋处的振动均低于1.27mm/s，降低了94%，因螺旋桨振动导致的压气机处振动降低了75%。研究结果表明:航空发动机自动平衡技术可实现在线持续动平衡，能有效降低发动机及其组件的振动疲劳损伤，降低发动机维护费用，延长维修周期。自动平衡技术在航空发动机领域得到工程应用是一个循序渐进的过程，还需要进一步开展结构设计、控制策略、系统集成等方面的研究工作，并在航空发动机设计阶段就考虑纳入自动平衡结构。 

Summary on the development of auto-balancing technology of aero-engine

For the problem of unbalanced vibration of aero-engine during operation, the auto-balancing technology was used to provide online compensation quality and reduce the vibration effectively. At present, the auto-balancing technology on aero-engines had problems and challenges in three aspects: structure, control algorithm and engineering application. The electromagnetically driven auto-balancer based on the influence coefficient algorithm was applied in the US C-130H transport aircraft. The test results from the four aero-engines in the flight showed that with auto-balancer, the propeller was balanced to below 1.27mm/s, 94% reduction. Meanwhile 75% reduction in propeller-induced vibration was measured at the compressor.Research indicates that aero-engine auto-balancing technology can achieve continuous online dynamic balancing, which will greatly reduce the vibration fatigue damage of the aero-engine and its components，reduce the maintenance cost and prolong the maintenance cycle. Auto-balancing technology requires a gradual process for the aero-engine applications. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to carry out the research work of structure design, control strategy, system integration and so on. At the same time, it is necessary to take the auto-balancing structure into account at the very beginning of the aero-engines design.