航天器推进系统水击及其抑制方法

针对航天器推进系统充填和关机过程水击这一动力学问题,基于已建立的航天器推进系统仿真模型,开展了某型推进系统的仿真研究,并重点分析了节流孔、弯管对推进剂供应管路水击的抑制作用.研究结果表明：①在推进系统充填和关机过程中,其不同位置均出现了明显的水击现象,充填过程水击频率较低,而关机过程水击频率较高,关机过程的水击峰值压力显著高于充填过程;②节流孔可显著削弱充填过程中的压力和流量振荡,关机过程的水击需要由较小的节流孔才能有效抑制;③弯管可明显削弱充填过程中的压力和流量振荡,对流量振荡的抑制效果尤为显著,但弯管对关机过程水击的抑制效果不明显.

Research of water hammer and its suppression methods for spacecraft propulsion system

In order to investigate the water hammer dynamics of spacecraft propulsion system during the priming and shutdown processes,dynamic simulation of a certain unified propulsion system (UPS) was conducted firstly based on UPS simulator modeled previously.Then the water hammer suppression effect of orifice and bent pipe on the propellant supply pipeline was analyzed thoroughly.Results show that water hammer phenomena occur obviously in almost the whole propulsion system during the priming and shutdown processes.However,the frequency and the peak pressure of water hammer during the priming process are both lower than that of the shutdown process,especially the peak pressure.The results also show that both the orifice and the bent pipe can suppress the oscillation of pressure and flow rate significantly during the priming processes,but only orifice with small diameter can suppress the water hammer effectively during the shutdown process.Moreover,in contrast to their weak suppression of water hammer during the shutdown process,bent pipe can suppress the oscillation of flow rate especially effective in the priming process.