航空发动机中“W”形金属密封环的设计方法

针对密封性和强度,对“W”形金属密封环的压缩率选取范围进行研究。在压缩率确定的基础上,优化“W”形金属密封环所在处机匣的轴向间隙,探究“W”形金属密封环关键结构参数对强度的影响,基于灵敏度分析对“W”形金属密封环的结构参数进一步优化；研究“W”形金属密封环屈曲及轴向刚度间的关系,并采用刚度实验校核模拟结果,为评估屈曲临界载荷提供支持。结果表明:在该典型工况下,“W”形金属密封环的压缩率合理范围为3.2%～6.08%；壁厚对最大等效应力影响最大,最终优化结果为壁厚增大5.0%,波峰、波谷半径增大9.0%,接触半径增大7.7%,圆环外径减小5.8%,最大等效应力减小5.7%；屈曲“W”形金属密封环载荷与轴向刚度线性相关。 

Design method of metallic W-ring in aero-engine

Targetting the sealing property and strength,a research on the compression ratio of metallic W-ring was carried out. Based on the determined compression rate, the axial clearance of the casing was optimized, the influence of key structural parameters of the metallic W-ring on the strength was studied. After the sensitivity analysis, the structural parameters of the metallic W-ring were further optimized. The relationship between the buckling and the axial stiffness of the metallic W-ring was researched, and stiffness experiment was used to verify the simulation results, and support the evaluation of the critical buckling loads. The results showed that under the typical operating condition, the reasonable compression ratio range of the metallic W-ring was 3.2%-6.08%. The thickness had the greatest effect on the maximum equivalent stress. The final optimization results were as follows: the thickness increased by 5.0%, the radius of wave peak and wave trough increased by 9.0%, the contact radius increased by 7.7%, the outer diameter of the ring reduced by 5.8%, the maximum equivalent stress reduced by 5.7%; buckling load was linearly related to axial stiffness.