超临界二氧化碳涡轮发电机振动试验

搭建20 kW超临界二氧化碳涡轮发电试验系统，开展涡轮发电机轴系临界转速数值仿真研究，对比分析空心轴与实心轴的前4阶临界转速与振型，并计算涡轮的前4阶模态频率。开展转速与负载对轴系振动特性影响的试验研究，采用频谱图分析转速0~48 000 r/min、负载0~20 kW下涡轮端与自由端壳体加速度振动响应。计算与试验结果表明:文中空心转子的临界转速高于实心转子的临界转速，有涡轮转子的临界转速低于无涡轮转子的临界转速。随着负荷从0 kW增加到15 kW，转子工频振动逐渐减小，但出现幅值较低的倍频振动；在转速区域11 000~40 000 r/min，不同功率下驱动端的振动响应低于自由端的振动响应，在转速48 000 r/min时，不同功率下驱动端的振动响应均高于自由端的振动响应。 

Vibration test of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine generator

20 kW supercritical carbon dioxide turbine power generation test system was built.Numerical simulation study for the critical speed of the turbine generator shaft system was carried out.The first 4 order critical speeds of hollow and solid shafts were compared and analyzed.The first 4 order modal frequencies of the turbine were calculated.Some experiments were carried out to research the influence of the speed and load on vibration characteristics.Spectrum graphs were used to analyze the acceleration response of the shell at a speed of 0-48 000 r/min and a load of 0-20 kW.Calculation and test results showed that,the critical speed of hollow rotor was higher than that of the solid rotor,and critical speed of a rotor with a turbine was lower than that of a rotor without a turbine.As load increased from 0 kW to 15 kW,rotor power frequency vibration gradually decreased,but double frequency vibration with lower amplitude appeared.As the speed ran from 11 000 r/min to 40 000 r/min,vibration response of the drive end under different powers was lower than that of the free end.Vibration response of the drive end under different powers was higher at 48 000 r/min than that of the free end.