离子液体微推进技术研究进展

介绍了离子液体推进器的基本结构和工作原理，阐述了粒子发射的限制条件及通常采用的工作模式，总结了该推进器的常见分类形式。介绍了当前广泛应用的一些实验方法和仿真手段，以及针对发射阈值场强、束流散射、多粒子分散效率、推进器长时间工作稳定性等问题开展相关研究取得的进展，对比分析了适合粒子发射的工作环境及相对精确的仿真方法，为推进器的后续设计、工作模式设定及性能评估等工作提供了参考。结果表明：增大推进剂流阻、提高发射极阵列密度是提高离子液体推进器效率和推力的合适手段；利用闭环控制的方法改变发射电压极性、逐渐提高发射电压大小是维持推进器推力大小、提高工作稳定性的有效方法。

Research progress of ionic liquid micropropulsion technology

The basic structure and working principle of ionic liquid thrusters, including the restrictions on particle emission and the commonly used operating regimes, were introduced. The common classification methods of ionic liquid thruster were summarized. The presently wide-used experimental or simulation methods, and the related progress on emission threshold field strength, beam divergence, polydispersive efficiency, long-term working stability and other issues were reviewed to compare and analyze the working conditions suitable for particle emission and more accurate simulation methods. The future research ideas and reference for the improved design, operating regime setting, and performance evaluation of ionic liquid thruster were also presented. Results show that increasing the flow resistance of propellant and array density of emitter is the appropriate means to improve the efficiency and thrust of the ionic liquid thruster, and changing the emitter voltage polarity and increasing the emitter voltage gradually by using the closed-loop control method is the effective way to maintain the thrust and improve the working stability of the thruster.