长期在轨贮存低温推进剂过冷度获取方案研究

增大低温推进剂入轨时的过冷度可显著延长低温燃料在轨贮存期限.通过文献调研与理论分析,介绍了4种低温推进剂过冷度获取方案的工作过程与研究现状,分析了不同方案的优缺点,在此基础上提出了我国开展相关研究的思路.研究表明:1为了减小过冷度获取成本,应采用先加注后冷却的操作程序,且制冷系统尽可能靠近目标贮箱;2液氧、液态甲烷可通过液氮池沸腾提供过冷度;3氦气喷射预冷消耗氦气量巨大,建议仅针对小型液氢采用此技术;4热力学低温流体过冷器(TCS)技术具有总体质量轻、投入能量少等优点,在液氢过冷度获取方面具有可观的应用前景.可为我国开展低温推进剂过冷度相关研究提供参考.

Investigation on acquisition schemes of cryogenic propellant subcooling for long-term on-orbit storage

Increasing cryogenic propellant subcooling remarkably benefits the long-term on-orbit storage of cryogenic fuels. Literature research and theoretical analysis were conducted to study the working processes and research status for four subcooling schemes, and their advantages and disadvantages were also analyzed. On this basis, a research approach in this field was proposed for guiding the domestic researches. Several valuable conclusions were drawn as follows: (1) Based on the cost consideration, an operating procedure for subcooling operation after fuel filling process is suggested and the subcooling equipment should be located close to the target tank.(2) A liquid nitrogen pool boiling can be used to cool the cryogenic liquid oxygen and liquid methane.(3) Helium injection approach is only suggested to cool the small-scale liquid hydrogen since it costs massive helium gas.(4) Due to excellent characteristics including less total weight and energy input, thermodynamic cryogen subcooler (TCS) approach has a better application prospect in liquid hydrogen subcooling obtainment. This research provides a reference for the domestic researches of cryogenic propellant subcooling.