发动机进排气效应对民机构型气动特性影响

基于非结构混合网格技术，通过数值求解Navier-Stokes方程，分析了航空发动机进排气效应对民机构型气动特性的影响。通过设置合适的进排气边界条件来模拟发动机进排气效应的影响，采用单独发动机短舱风洞试验模型，验证了计算方法的可靠性。在此基础上，分析了发动机进排气效应对翼吊式和尾吊式两种典型民机构型气动特性的影响，结果表明:翼吊式民机构型发动机进排气效应对升力的干扰主要由发动机尾喷流的引射效应对机翼的干扰引起；尾吊式民机构型随着发动机进气流量的增大，机翼上表面压力逐渐减小，激波位置逐渐后移；不同发动机进气流量会对飞机的阻力特性产生较大影响，在飞机详细设计阶段需充分考虑机体与动力装置之间的干扰影响。 

Study on aerodynamic characteristics of different types of civil aircrafts with engine air intake and exhaust

The aerodynamic characteristics of different types of civil aircrafts with turbofan engine air intake and exhaust were studied numerically by solving the Navier-Stokes equations based on mixed grids. The engine air intake face boundary conditions and jet exhaust boundary conditions were adopted to simulate the powered effects of the engine. The numerical methods were validated by the turbine powered simulator model. On this basis, the effects of engine air intake and exhaust were analyzed for the civil aircrafts with wing-mounted nacelles and back-mounted nacelles. The results indicate that the jet efffects of the engine play a major role in the lift characteristics of the wing-mounted civil aircraft. For the tail-suspended civil aircraft, the mass of air intake affects the wing aerodynamic characteristics directly and with the increase of air intake mass, the surface pressure coefficients on the upper surface of the wing are reduced and the location of the shock wave is shifted downstream. The mass of air intake also has great influence on the drag characteristics of different types of civil aircrafts. The aerodynamic interference between aircraft and engine must be valued highly in the aircraft design.