An Introduction to Theory and Models of CMEs, Shocks, and Solar Energetic Particles |
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Authors: | Z Miki? M A Lee |
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Institution: | (1) Science Applications International Corporation, 10260 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA;(2) Institute for Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, 39 College Rd., Durham, NH 03824, USA |
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Abstract: | We present a brief introduction to the essential physics of coronal mass ejections as well as a review of theory and models
of CME initiation, solar energetic particle (SEP) acceleration, and shock propagation. A brief review of the history of CME
models demonstrates steady progress toward an understanding of CME initiation, but it is clear that the question of what initiates
CMEs has still not been solved. For illustration, we focus on the flux cancellation model and the breakout model. We contrast
the similarities and differences between these models, and we examine how their essential features compare with observations.
We review the generation of shocks by CMEs. We also outline the theoretical ideas behind the origin of a gradual SEP event
at the evolving CME-driven coronal/interplanetary shock and the origin of “impulsive” SEP events at flare sites of magnetic
reconnection below CMEs. We argue that future developments in models require focused study of “campaign events” to best utilize
the wealth of available CME and SEP observations. |
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