Planetary Radiation Budgets |
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Authors: | Robert Kandel Michel Viollier |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France |
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Abstract: | The energy state of a planet depends fundamentally on its radiation budget. Measurements made from space over past decades
have led to significant revisions of ground-based estimates, both of the reflected fraction (the Bond albedo) of solar radiative
flux and of the emitted thermal infrared radiation flux, for the Earth as well as for the other planets. After a brief survey
of methods and difficulties in accurately determining planetary radiation budgets, we note contradictions in existing tabulations
of global parameters, in particular Bond albedo. For the Earth, such contradictions are unjustified, considering that global
and annual means as well as the seasonal cycle of Earth Radiation Budget components have now been determined with high accuracy.
The Earth's Bond albedo is close to 0.3. Net storage of energy in the Earth-ocean system is close to zero, with a well-established
annual cycle of amplitude close to ±12 Wm−2. Some contradictions remain for the other terrestrial planets. For the giant planets, modern reduced values of the Bond albedo
imply reduced but still significant internal energy generation. |
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Keywords: | climatology albedo planetary energy budget Earth Radiation Budget earthshine annual cycle clouds |
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