带伞空降风洞试验中稳定伞的模拟研究

为了更加真实地模拟空降初期过程,在国内率先对带伞空降风洞试验中稳定伞的模拟方法进行研究,包括稳定伞相似参数的确定、阻力系数的模拟。主要讨论一种在伞模型末端系配重并进行自由落体试验的方法来测量伞阻力系数,并通过在伞顶开孔来调整伞阻力系数,最后采用调整后的伞模型进行风洞试验验证。结果表明:该方法可精确测量伞阻力系数,改变伞顶孔大小能有效调整伞阻力系数,且伞顶开孔可使稳定伞的下落过程更稳定;试验结果符合真实空降时近机身复杂绕流运动流场特性,与空降视频中空降轨迹发展规律相一致,表明所论述的稳定伞模拟技术是可行的。

The Simulation Study of Stable Parachute in AirborneWind Tunnel Tests with Parachutes

In order to simulate the initial process of airborne more truly, this paper is first to present the simulation methods of stable parachutes in airborne wind tunnel tests in China, including figuring out the similar parameters and simulating the drag coefficient. It mainly discusses a method to measure drag coefficient by fastening counterweights onto the extremity of parachute and doing the free fall tests. It is demonstrated that the method can accurately measure the drag coefficient, and opening holes on the top of the stable parachute can effectively adjust the drag coefficient and make the falling of stable parachutes steadier. The wind tunnel tests results agree with the complex flow field characteristic near the fuselage, and are in line with the airborne trajectories law on video. It shows that the simulation technology of stable parachutes is feasible.