切风模式风力发电飞行器的进展与挑战

风能是当今主流的可再生能源种类之一,目前传统风力发电机只能利用近地风能,而高空风能储量巨大且较为稳定,具有很大的开发价值及潜力。对于高空风能的利用,国际上已经制定出多种方案,部分已进行了飞行试验,而国内相关研究尚处于起步阶段。围绕高空风力发电系统(AWES)的种类和发展情况进行研究,分析了切风模式AWES的飞行原理,介绍了国外代表性的切风模式AWES项目案例,指出了切风模式AWES所包含的系留缆绳、精确控制、多功能基站以及综合优化等关键问题,为国内相关领域的后续研究提供参考。

Advances and Challenges of Crosswind-Mode Airborne Wind Energy Aircrafts

Abstract: Wind energy is one of the mainstream types of renewable energy. At present, the majority of the traditional wind turbines could only make use of the near-earth wind energy. However, the high-altitude wind energy has a greater value and potential for its high stability and large storage of energy. The research of exploiting high-altitude wind energy is starting up in China while there are studies about the usage of high-altitude wind energy across the world and some were in the process of flight test. The research on the variation and development of the AWES is reported in this paper, which contains an analy-sis of Crosswind Mode, an introduction of worldly typical AWESs in last decade, a discussion of critical points including tether, accuracy control, multifunctional ground station and comprehensive optimization as a foundation for future development and further research on this direction.