航空管制物质的分类识别方法探讨

由于缺乏标准的分类和识别方法,航空管制物质易被当作普通货物进入航空运输环节,给航空运输带来安全隐患.通过分析航空管制物质的定义,确定影响此类物质分类的危害性,包括麻醉性、催泪性质、恶臭性质、急性毒性(经口、经皮肤、吸入)、严重眼损伤或眼刺激、呼吸或皮肤敏化作用、特定目标器官毒性、吸入危害性等;在全球化学品统一分类和标签制度中健康危害分类评估指导原则的基础上,建立统一的航空管制物质的分层式分类程序,并给出识别方法和标准、数据来源及其处理方式;归纳总结航空管制物质的种类,并以两个恶臭物质为例讨论分类识别过程.结果表明:本文提出的航空管制物质的分类程序和识别方法能够很好地指导航空管制物质的分类识别工作,对保障航空运输安全和防恐工作具有重要意义.

Classification and identification of aviation regulated substances

The process of standard classification and identification of aviation regulated substances is not straightforward. Aviation regulated substances are easily classified as ordinary cargo into air transport links, which created safety risks associated with air transport. By analyzing the definition of aviation regulated substances, the scope of hazardous is determined, including anesthesia, tear gas, odor, the acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), serious eye damage or eye irritation, respiratory or skin sensitization, specific target organ toxicity, aspiration hazard. The unified layered classification scheme for aviation regulated substances is performed on the basis of the assessment guidelines for the health hazard classification of Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals. The methods and standards of identification, data sources, and data processing method are specifically discussed. The types of aviation regulated substances are briefly summarized. In order to guide the actual classification and identification, the classification process of two odorous substances is discussed in detail, which is benefit for ensuring the safety of air transport and counter-terrorism work.