超音速公务机声爆计算与布局讨论

超音速公务机是航空工业的重要发展方向之一,低声爆设计技术是超音速公务机的关键技术,但国内在该领域几乎没有任何研究基础,无法为超音速公务机提供足够的设计支持。为此,介绍了两种计算声爆的方法：一是从超音速流动的线化方程出发,推导体积和升力产生声爆强度的估算方法,该方法适用于飞机概念设计阶段;二是从非线性声学传播方程出发,使用CFD近场结果作为输入,编程计算声爆强度,该方法适用于飞机初步/详细设计阶段。在此基础上,对影响声爆强度的参数进行初步分析,结果表明：飞机重量和飞行高度对声爆强度影响很大,展弦比、翼载等参数对声爆强度的影响较小;＂细长机身＋鸭式布局＋大后掠三角翼＂布局比较有利于减小声爆强度。

Supersonic Business Jet Sonic Boom Computation and Layout Discussion

Supersonic business jet is considered to be an important development trend of the worldwide aviation industry.Low sonic boom design is the key technique in the development of supersonic business jet,but there is little research in China to support its development.So two methods are discussed.The first method is the guesstimate compute method that the sonic boom intensity is given separately by volume-induced part and lift-induced part through the modified supersonic flow linear formula.This method is suited for aircraft conception design.The second method is a more precise method that the sonic boom intensity is calculated by using an in-house program through non-linear acoustic propagation formula,using a CFD near-field result as an input.It is suited for the preliminary/detailed design.According to the parametric analysis,it is found that flying weight and height are of great effects on sonic boom intensity,while aspect ratio and wing loading is of few effects.It is also found the configuration with a spindly fuselage,a canard and a highly backward swept wing is excellent for sonic boom decrease or control.