填加造孔剂法制备泡沫铝及其吸能性能

以尿素为造孔剂,采用填加造孔剂法制备泡沫铝,系统研究了成型烧结温度、孔隙率和孔径大小对泡沫铝吸能性能的影响,在此过程中采用电子万能试验机和数字图像相关(DIC)技术同步测试分析。结果表明:填加造孔剂法可以良好的控制泡沫铝的孔隙率和孔径;泡沫铝的最佳成型烧结温度为650℃,在此温度下,泡沫铝的压缩屈服强度达到10.7 MPa;随着孔隙率的降低,泡沫铝的屈服强度和平台应力逐渐提高,材料吸能性能有显著增强;当孔径小于2.0 mm时,随着孔径的增大,材料的吸能性能小幅提高。DIC技术可以直观的表征泡沫材料力学行为,具有良好的工程应用前景。

Fabrication of Aluminum Foam by Space-holder Method and the Energy Absorption Properties

Aluminum foam was fabricated by space-holder method with carbamide particles as space-holder material.The effects of forming temperature,porosity and diameter of pores were investigated systematically.During this process,the electronic universal testing machine combined with digital image correlation (DIC) technique was used to test the properties.The results show that the porosity and diameter of pores can be well controlled by space-holder method.The best sintering temperature of forming Al foam is 650 ℃.Under this sintering temperature,the compressive yield strength reaches 10.7 MPa.With the decrease of pore porosity,both of the compressive yield strength and platform stress increase,so the energy absorption of foam is improved remarkably.When the diameter of pores is below 2.0 mm,the energy absorption of foam is improved slightly with the increase of Al foam diameter.DIC technology can be used directly to characterize the mechanical behavior of foam material,which has a good engineering application prospect.