椭圆振动切削加工的同步控制研究

利用椭圆振动切削加工的回转体表面微织构是在机床主轴旋转、平台进给和装置椭圆振动的联合运动下得到的,机床主轴转动与装置位移输出如果不能保持完全的实时同步,会造成微织构加工的偏差。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种新的基于转角的同步控制方法,该方法在主轴的对位基准处实现装置正弦信号的复位,以修正转速漂移造成的加工位置误差,并通过判断主轴角度信号实时输出对应幅值电压来实时同步信号输出和机床旋转运动。基于LabVIEW FPGA搭建同步控制模块,经试验验证,利用该方法加工的矩形阵列微织构轴向排列与中轴线平行,与周向排列的夹角和仿真结果的偏差不超过0.1°,织构深度随转角的不同发生预设的变化,因此,同步控制方法具有实时同步控制椭圆振动切削装置的能力。

Research on Synchronous Control of Elliptical Vibration Cutting

The micro-texture on the surface of rotating body manufactured by elliptical vibration cutting is obtained under the combined motion of rotation of spindle,feed of platform and elliptical vibration of device.Not completely realtime synchronization between the rotation of spindle and the output of device can cause the deviation of micro-texture processing.In order to solve this problem,a new synchronous control method based on the rotating angle is proposed,which can reset the sinusoidal signal of device at the reference of spindle to correct the position error caused by the drift of rotation speed.The real-time synchronization between device and spindle can be achieved by judging the rotating signal and outputting different amplitudes of voltage corresponding to different angles.Then a synchronous control module based on LabVIEW FPGA is built.It is verified in the experiments that the axial arrangement of micro-texture of rectangle array processed utilizing this method is parallel to the central axis.The deviation between experimental and simulating results is no more than 0.1°about the the angle between two arrangements in different directions.The depth of texture is changed expectedly following rotating angle.Thus,this method has the ability of real-time synchronous control of elliptic vibration cutting device.