脉冲电流在塑性加工中的应用

金属材料塑性变形时通入脉冲电流,在力学性能方面:材料的流变应力下降、塑性变形能力提高,同时有助于内部裂纹的止裂甚至愈合;在微观效应方面:电流的引入可以改善组织状态,加快再结晶过程,细化晶粒。在自阻加热工艺中,电流直接对坯料加热,降低了能耗,电流加热速度快,提高成形效率。举例说明了电流在热冲压技术、轧制技术和超塑成形技术等塑性加工工艺中的应用。在节能和高效成为材料加工领域主题的今天,脉冲电流在塑性加工领域的应用可以有力地推动尖端制造业,尤其是航空航天制造产业的发展。大量研究也已证明脉冲电流在材料加工领域有着深远的研究意义和广泛的应用价值。

Application of Pulse Electric Current in the Field of Plastic Processing

The introduction of electric current to materials will bring some obviously positive effects on mechanical properties and microstructure.In the term of mechanical properties,the flow stress will decrease and the capacity for plasticity will be improved.At the same time,microcrack blunt because of the influence of electric current.As for microstructure,it accelerates recrystallization and refines grains,resulting in the change of texture.Materials heated directly by electric current lead to low energy consumption and the efficiency of forming rises.Electric current is applied in many plastic forming techniques,such as stamping,rolling and superplastic forming.Nowaday,the main purpose of forming is energy conservation and high efficiency,and electric current drives sophisticated manufacturing greatly,especially in the field of aeronautics and astronautics.It is proved that electric current is worth in the field of plastic processing by many attempts of scholars.