复杂凸凹曲率飞机蒙皮充液成形技术研究与应用

随着飞机气动、隐身等性能要求的提高,飞机外形曲率更加异形化,大量应用复杂凸凹曲率蒙皮,传统的拉伸成形方法已经不能完全满足新一代飞机蒙皮加工的要求。基于生产某型号飞机复杂凸凹曲率蒙皮这一背景,介绍了充液成形基本原理及关键技术,利用有限元数值模拟方法,分析板材充液成形过程中液室压力、厚度减薄率、板材失稳及贴胎度的变化规律,优化工艺参数,并且根据数值模拟结果指导工业生产。理论分析和现场实践证明:充液成形技术为复杂凸凹曲率蒙皮零件的制造提供了新的工艺方法,满足新一代飞机的凸凹曲率外形蒙皮的制造要求。

Research and Application of Hydroforming for Hyperbolic Airplane Skin With Complex Concave and Convex Curvature

The curvature of airplane shape was more heteromorphosis, and complex and convex curvature skin was largely applied with the improvement of the airplane aerodynamic and stealth performance requirement, then the traditional forming method has not completely met the conifguration requirements of new generation ifghter. The basic principle and key technology of sheet hydroforming was introduced and the key parameters, such as chamber pressure, thickness reduc-tion ratio, sheet instability and curation tolerance were analyzed and optimized by using ifnite element simulation method during sheet forming process based on the background of complex hyperbolic skin production of a certain type airplane. The industrial production was guided by the results of numerical simulation. The hydroforming technology provided a new method of industrial manufacture for large complex concave and convex curvature skin parts and met the requirements of the concave and convex curvature shape skin for the new generation of airplane, which had proved through theoretical analysis and industrial procetice.