基于双星系统的卫星几何学精密定轨方法研究

双星导航系统的建立，为我国实现自主的卫星天基测控技术提供了可能。同时由于其全天候、全天时、相对定轨精度高等特点可望成为一种低、中轨卫星精密定轨的有效手段。但由于双星系统中静止卫星数目仅有两颗，要得到低、中轨卫星的三维定位信息，还需要额外的第三维观测量。本文根据双星系统的现状，结合国内对低、中轨卫星精密定轨的要求，提出了一种基于双星系统的卫星几何学精密定轨的方法，概述了其基本原理及其组成，给出了卫星定轨的方法和数学模型，同时根据数据仿真分析了该定轨系统的定轨精度，为下一步工程实现提供了理论基础。

Research on Method of Precise Satellite Geometric Orbit Determination Based on GEOSTAR System

With the foundation of GEOSTAR navigation system, it becomes possible to realize autonomous orbit determination based on celestial measurement with our own satellite orbit determination system. Due to the advantages of this satellite navigation system, for examples, all-weather, all-time, and relative high precise positioning, it also has the possibility to become of the most effective orbit determination methods for LEO and MEO. But because the number of satellite in GEOSTAR system is only two, it needs the third measurement formation in order to gain the three-dimensional satellite position. According to the existing condition of GEOSTAR system and the precision orbit requirements of our country for LEO and MEO, this paper puts the method of precise satellite geometric orbit determination based on GEOSTAR system, discusses its composition and fundamental and proposes the method and model of orbit determination. Besides, through the data simulation, we have given the orbit precisions determined by this method, which can offer a theoretical foundation for next project realization.