基于相频约束的航天器定时技术

双向相干测距测速体制是最常用的航天器测量体制,是一种闭环体制.与之相比较,开环测距测速可以在信号更微弱的情况下获取到观测量,在深空任务中有着独特的意义.然而,开环测距也面临棘手的技术难题——高精度航天器定时技术.针对该难题,在保持现有航天器信号体制的基础上,阐述了基于遥测信号和测距侧音信号（差分单向测距DOR信号可看作侧音信号）间相频约束的航天器定时原理,研究了侧音频率最优化设计方法,给出了“器上发射测站接收”的初步实现方案,为后续开展工程应用奠定了基础.

Spacecraft Timing Technology Based on Phase-Frequency Constraints

The most common method for spacecraft measurement is two-way coherent ranging and Doppler, which is a closed loop method. In contrast with the method, open loop ranging and Doppler could get observation value when signal is much weaker, and it has special significance for deep space missions. However, there is still a technical hurdle for open-loop ranging： precise timing for spacecraft. To solve the problem, this paper depicted the theory of spacecraft timing based on phase-frequency constraints between telemetry and DOR （Differential One Way Ran- ging）, a type of side-tone signals, while maintaining the existing spacecraft signal system. Frequencies of side-tone signals are optimized for high precision. Finally, a draft transmitter;receiver design is presented, which is a basic step for future application.