天线整流罩对GNSS观测值与定位精度影响研究

当前大部分城市为保护卫星连续运行参考站(CORS)系统基准站天线安装了整流罩，但天线整流罩对观测值以及基准站坐标影响的研究仍显不足。为解决基于广州CORS(GZCORS)的网络RTK高程测量存在较大偏差的问题，基于2016—2021年观测站数据，以及拆除基准站天线罩前后的观测数据质量与定位效果相关分析，对天线整流罩对GNSS观测值与高程定位精度的影响进行了深入探究，并分别进行了静态仿动态和城市车载动态定位测试验证。研究结果显示，天线整流罩在一定程度上会增加原始观测值的多路径效应影响，降低约10%的数据可用率，并对基准站高程定位结果产生1～14 cm的系统性偏差，进而影响用户RTK高程定位效果。定位结果显示，拆除基准站天线罩后，基于GZCORS的RTK水平定位均方根误差(RMS)为1 cm左右，高程定位精度RMS为2 cm左右；城市场景下车辆动态定位精度RMS为15～20 cm,满足车道级定位性能。

Research on the influence of antenna radome on GNSS observations and positioning accuracy

Currently, most reference stations of the satellite continuous operation reference station (CORS) system in cities have installed radomes to protect the antenna. However, the research on the impact of radomes on the observations and reference station coordinates is relatively insufficient. To solve the problem of significant deviation in the network RTK elevation measurement based on Guangzhou CORS (GZCORS), on the basis of the observation station data from 2016 to 2021, as well as the analysis of the observation data quality and positioning effect before and after the removal of the reference station antenna radomes, the impact of antenna radome on GNSS observation values and elevation positioning accuracy is well-studied, and static station RTK positioning and urban vehicle kinematic positioning tests are conducted to verify. The results show that the antenna radome can increase the multi-path effect of the original observation values to a certain extent, reduce the data availability by about 10%, and produce a systematic deviation of 1~14 cm in the elevation positioning results of the reference station, thereby affecting the user''s RTK elevation positioning effect. The positioning results show that after removing the reference station antenna cover, the horizontal positioning accuracy root mean square (RMS) error of RTK based on GZCORS is about 1 cm, and the elevation positioning accuracy RMS is about 2 cm. The RMS of vehicle kinematic positioning accuracy in urban scenes is 15~20 cm, meeting the lane level positioning performance.