对低轨导航系统发展趋势的思考CSCD

全球卫星导航系统成熟的产业推广和技术应用极大地牵引了卫星导航发展需求,使相关学者愈来愈关注恶劣电磁环境下的抗干扰技术以及分米、厘米级高精度导航定位服务。低轨星座优越的平台/轨道特性使其被誉为未来极具潜力的卫星导航手段。特别是近十年商业航天的蓬勃发展,带动卫星平台技术及火箭运载技术突飞猛进,大大降低了低轨卫星制造与发射成本,使得面向低轨星座的导航定位技术成为研究热点和发展方向。首先深入地剖析了不同历史阶段低轨导航的应用方向和技术体制,梳理归纳了低轨卫星星座独立定位及低中高轨卫星联合定位两种应用模式的技术特点,然后分析了未来低轨导航在整个卫星导航系统体系中的应用前景和技术挑战,为未来低轨导航系统建设和发展提供设计参考与技术借鉴。

Review of the Development Trend of LEO-basedNavigation System

The mature industrial promotion and technical application of global satellite navigation systems have greatly driven the development demand of satellite navigation.Thus, scholars in related fields pay more and more attention to anti-jamming technology capabilities in harsh electromagnetic environments and high-precision positioning services at decimeter and centimeter levels. The LEO constellation has superior platform/orbit characteristics, and is known as a potential satellite navigation method in the future. In the past decade, the rapid development of commercial aerospace technology has led to rapid advances in satellite platform technology and rocket launch technology, greatly reducing the cost of manufacturing and launching low-orbit satellites, which makes the navigation and positioning technology based on the LEO constellation a research hotspot and developing direction. This paper firstly analyzes the application directions and technical systems of low-orbit navigation in different historical stages, and then summarizes the technical characteristics of two application modes: independent positioning of LEO satellite constellations and joint positioning of LEO, MEO, and HEO satellite constellations.The applica-tion prospects and technical challenges of future LEO navigation in all global navigation satellite systems are analyzed, providing design references and technical methods for the construction and development of LEO navigation systems.