一种新的局部损伤韧性破坏理论及其在轴（球）对称结构中的应用

首先引入了一种新的局部损伤韧性破坏理论，包括考虑损伤的弹塑性本构关系，损伤演化模型和破坏准则。然后讨论了损伤问题的求解方法。以DE36压力容器用钢为例，求得了幂硬化材料厚壁筒和厚壁球壳中应力三轴度的分布规律和损伤分布的解析表达式，并对其开裂位置和破坏临界载荷进行了预测，取得了具有工程实际意义的结果。

A New Local Thteory for Ductile Fracture and Iis Appliations to Axially and Spherically Symmetric Structures

In this paper a new local theory for ductile fracture, involving the elasto-plastic constitu-tive relations concerned with damage, the damage evolution model and a new fracture criterion, is intro-duced at first.Then the methods to solve damage problems are discussed briefly.Furthermore,the distri-bution patterns of stress triaxiality and the analytic expressions of damage distribution in thick-walled cylinder and sphere of power hardening material (pressure vessel steel DE36) are obtained, the crack initi-ation points and the corresponding critical load values are predicted simultaneously. The acquired results ofthe examples are practically significative for engineering.