2.0 m高能脉冲风洞研制及其关键技术

中国航天空气动力技术研究院建设的2.0 m高能脉冲风洞（FD–21）是一座自由活塞激波风洞，该风洞拓展了中国航天空气动力技术研究院原有的试验能力。主要介绍了这座风洞的研制过程和若干关键技术。在吸收国外相关理论和经验的同时，独立解决了诸多关键性的气动问题，并通过逆向设计流程完成了风洞的气动设计。基于这些努力，高能脉冲风洞在建造过程中，逐步克服了活塞发射、活塞止停和全浮动风洞支撑等工程技术难点。FD–21的成功研制标志着自由活塞驱动技术的全面掌握，缩小了我国高焓地面模拟设备与国外的差距，对提升我国高超声速领域的研究水平具有重要意义。

The development and key technologies of 2.0 m high energy shock tunnel

The Φ2.0 m high energy pulsed tunnel （FD–21） of CAAA is a free piston shock tunnel, which expands the test capability of CAAA. This paper mainly introduces the develop-ment process and key technologies of the FD–21 tunnel. Many key aerodynamic problems are settled independently. And the aerodynamic design is completed by the reverse design method. Based on these efforts, the engineering technical difficulties such as piston launch, piston stop, full floating support have been gradually overcome during the construction of the FD–21 tunnel. The successful development of the FD–21 tunnel marks the mastery of the free piston driving techno-logy, reduces the gap between China and some foreign countries, and improves the hypersonic research level in China greatly.