端部条件和展弦比对矩形断面节段模型气动力特征的影响

端部条件和展弦比是风洞试验节段模型设计的2个重要因素。为了研究端部条件和展弦比对节段模型气动力特征的影响，开展了不同端部条件和不同展弦比的宽高比5:1矩形断面刚性节段模型静态测压风洞试验。研究结果表明:(1)端部条件和展弦比共同影响着节段模型上流场展向分布。(2)当模型长度大于2倍端部影响区间的长度时，模型上气动力在展向呈现等腰梯形分布；当模型长度小于2倍端部影响区间的长度时，模型上气动力在展向呈现等腰三角形分布。节段模型设计时应重视模型展弦比，合适的展弦比能获得更可靠的结果。

Effects of end condition and aspect ratio on aerodynamic properties of rectangular sectional model

End condition and aspect ratio of the sectional model are two important influence factors on wind tunnel tests. To investigate the effects of end condition and aspect ratio on the characteristics of aerodynamic force of the sectional models, wind tunnel tests are performed on a stationary B/D=5 rectangular sectional model with various end conditions and aspect ratios. The results indicate that:(1) the aerodynamic force on the rectangular cylinder can be significantly influenced by end condition and aspect ratio; (2) when the length of the cylinder is twice larger than the interference length of end condition, the aerodynamic force distributes in spanwise as an isosceles trapezoid, however, when the length of the cylinder is twice smaller than the interference length of end condition, the aerodynamic force distributes in spanwise as an isosceles triangle. More attentions should be paid to the design on aspect ratio of model for wind tunnel tests. A suitable large aspect ratio of the model may lead to reliable results.