高速列车隧道通过中的气动效应动模型实验研究

高速列车进入隧道时，会产生压缩波，压缩波沿隧道内传播至隧道端口后形成向外辐射的微气压波。本文介绍了采用动模型实验平台在200~350km/h速度范围内对60m双向隧道模型的隧道壁面压力波和出口微气压波开展的实验研究。首先分析了实验数据的有效性；其次给出了初始压缩波最大值随时间的衰减变化规律和微气压幅值随实验速度的变化特性；最后研究了流线形头型长度对微气压波幅值的影响。实验结果表明:在实验速度范围内，隧道压力波和出口微气压波无量纲值保持一致，但隧道出口微气压波与流线型头型长度只能定性描述，定量关系难以确定。

Experimental investigation on the aerodynamics of tunnel-passing for high speed train with a moving model rig

When a high speed train enters a tunnel, a compressed wave occurs and propagates along the tunnel to the tunnel port, and transforms to be a micro pressure wave. Using the moving model rig experiment system, pressure waves and the micro pressure wave were measured in the double-track tunnel (60m in length) within the speed range of 200-350km/h. Firstly, the validity of experimental data was verified. Secondly, the reduction principle of the initial compression wave propagating in the tunnel and the relationship between the micro pressure wave and the train speed were drawn out. The effect of the streamlined nose shape on the micro pressure wave was studied at last. The experimental results show that in the speed ranges, the dimensionless values of the pressure wave and micro pressure wave are the same with different speeds. However, the relationship between the micro pressure wave and the streamlined nose length is only analyzed qualitatively, with quantitative relationship difficult to determine.